Recombinant Human DKK1 protein(Met2-His266), His-tagged

• Cat.No.: DKK1-32H
• Product Overview: Recombinant Human DKK1(NP_036374.1) (Met 2-His 266) was expressed in HEK293 with a C-terminal polyhistidine tag.

Specification

• Species: Human
• Source: HEK293
• Tag: His
• Protein Length: 2-266 a.a.
• Form: Lyophilized from sterile PBS, pH 7.4. Normally 5 % - 8 % trehalose, mannitol and 0.01% Tween80 are added as protectants before lyophilization.
• Bio-activity: Measured by its ability to inhibit Wnt3a-induced alkaline phosphatase production by C3H10T1/2 cells. The ED50 for this effect is approximately 0.1-0.4 μg/ml in the presence of 10 ng/mL of mouse Wnt3a.
• Molecular Mass: The recombinant human DKK1 protein consists of 246 amino acids and has a calculated molecular mass of 27.22 kDa. In SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions, the apparent molecular mass of rh DKK1 is approximately 42.9 kDa due to glycosylation.
• Endotoxin: < 1.0 EU per μg of the protein as determined by the LAL method
• Purity: > 90 % as determined by SDS-PAGE
• Storage: Samples are stable for up to twelve months from date of receipt at -20°C to -80°C. Store it under sterile conditions at -20°C to -80°C. It is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
• Reconstitution: It is recommended that sterile water be added to the vial to prepare a stock solution of 0.2 ug/ul. Centrifuge the vial at 4°C before opening to recover the entire contents.

Gene Information

• Gene Name: DKK1 dickkopf 1 homolog (Xenopus laevis) [ Homo sapiens ]
• Official Symbol: DKK1
• Synonyms: DKK1; dickkopf 1 homolog (Xenopus laevis); dickkopf (Xenopus laevis) homolog 1; dickkopf-related protein 1; DKK 1; SK; hDkk-1; dickkopf-1 like; dickkopf related protein-1; DKK-1
• Gene ID: 22943
• mRNA Refseq: NM_012242
• Protein Refseq: NP_036374
• MIM: 605189
• UniProt ID: O94907

Case Study

Case 1: Ye X, et al. Radiother Oncol. 2023

High DKK1 expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) correlates with poor survival and radioresistance, while DKK1 knockdown enhances radiotherapy sensitivity by reducing cell viability and increasing apoptosis. DKK1high tumors exhibit immunosuppressive microenvironments with elevated MDSCs and reduced T-cell infiltration, positioning DKK1 inhibition as a strategy to augment radioimmunotherapy efficacy and overcome ICI resistance in HNSC.

Fig1. The protein level of DKK1 determined by immunoblotting at 48 h after siRNA transfection.

Fig2. Quantitative analysis of DKK1 protein expression in HNSC tissues with different pathological grades.

Case 2: Park H, et al. BMB Rep. 2022

DKK1 enhances osteoblast matrix mineralization via CaMK2A-CREB1 signaling without promoting maturation, revealing a dual role in bone formation. While antagonizing WNT/β-catenin, DKK1 drives calcium influx and nuclear p-CREB1 translocation, whereas its knockdown in SaOS2 cells impairs these processes, offering therapeutic insights for skeletal disorders.

Fig1. Cells were treated DKK1 and verapamil in dose-dependent manner.

Fig2. At indicated days, cells were analyzed by RT-qPCR for DKK1, RUNX2, and OCN mRNA levels.

Application

1. Therapeutic Potential of Recombinant DKK1 Protein in Bone Regeneration and Cancer Therapy Recombinant DKK1 protein demonstrates dual utility in bone metabolism and oncology. By modulating WNT/β-catenin signaling, it promotes osteoblast matrix mineralization via CaMK2A-CREB1 pathways, offering therapeutic potential for osteoporosis and fracture healing. In oncology, DKK1 inhibition enhances radiotherapy sensitivity in cancers like head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) by reversing immunosuppressive microenvironments, positioning recombinant DKK1 as a tool to optimize radioimmunotherapy efficacy and overcome treatment resistance. 2. Diagnostic and Prognostic Applications in Musculoskeletal and Cancer Disorders As a biomarker, recombinant DKK1 aids in assessing bone formation capacity in skeletal diseases and stratifying cancer patients with WNT-driven tumor progression. Its integration into ELISA or liquid biopsy platforms enables early detection of aberrant bone remodeling or aggressive tumor subtypes. In osteosarcoma, DKK1 expression correlates with mineralization defects, guiding targeted therapies to restore bone homeostasis or inhibit metastatic pathways. 3. Advancing Research and Targeted Drug Development Recombinant DKK1 facilitates mechanistic studies on WNT signaling crosstalk in bone-cancer interactions. High-throughput screens using recombinant protein identify small-molecule modulators to either enhance osteogenic activity or block pro-tumorigenic DKK1 functions. Structural analysis of DKK1-receptor interactions informs the design of biologics for bone regeneration or anti-metastatic agents. Collaborative efforts explore its synergy with bisphosphonates or immune checkpoint inhibitors, bridging regenerative medicine and precision oncology.

Fig1. Cellular pathways involved in facilitating the pro-tumorigenic effects of DKK-1. (Nikolai Jaschke, 2020)

Fig2. Dickkopf-1 as a mediator of malignant bone disease. (Nikolai Jaschke, 2020)