IVD of Hepatitis A Virus
Hepatitis A Virus (HAV)
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) is the causative agent of hepatitis A and belongs to the genus hepatovirus in the family Picornaviridae. Transmitted through the fecal-oral route, HAV invades the human body through the mouth and intestines and is eventually located in the liver, the main target organ, causing liver damage. Detection of HAV antibodies in serum or plasma is the main means of diagnosing HAV infection. Its specific indicators include anti-HAV IgM antibodies, IgG antibodies, or anti-HAV total antibodies.

Main Steps of IVD for Hepatitis A Virus
- Serological testing, including antigen and antibody testing. ELISA was used to detect anti-HAV IgM and anti-HAV IgG in patient serum.
- Isolation of HAV using cell culture methods.
- The isolated virus is identified by detecting cytopathic effects, virus antigen structure, virus biological characteristics, etc.
- Use molecular biology techniques, such as gene chips and RT-PCR to detect the genetic sequence of the virus to determine the genotype and subtype of the virus.
- HAV exists in the patient's blood, stool, and liver cytoplasm. IVD can quickly determine whether the patient is infected with HAV by testing the antigens and antibodies in the patient's serum.
Creative BioMart provides high-quality recombinant HAV proteins used for IVD, including ELISA, lateral flow assays, western blots, and other immunoassays.
Highlights of Our Products
- High sensitivity, high specificity, and high purity.
- It is widely used and suitable for downstream immunological experiments.
- Easy to store and transport, conducive to large-scale production and use of vaccines.
- Outstanding success rate and fast development speed.
Our Outstanding Advantages
- IVD proteins can be used to test for a variety of diseases and conditions, making them valuable tools for diagnosing and monitoring health.
- Guarantee high performance, high reliability, and high consistency of protein quality, leading the industry.
- A complete IVD protein platform can provide customized services to meet different scientific research needs.
- High-quality service, high-level experiments, and reliable analysis.
In addition, Creative BioMart also offers a series of viral proteins and protein-related services to provide customers with high-quality, low-cost active recombinant proteins to meet different needs and assist in preclinical drug development.
Case Study
Case 1: Pintó RM, Pérez-Rodríguez FJ, Costafreda MI, Chavarria-Miró G, Guix S, Ribes E, Bosch A. Pathogenicity and virulence of hepatitis A virus. Virulence. 2021 Dec;12(1):1174-1185. doi: 10.1080/21505594.2021.1910442. PMID: 33843464; PMCID: PMC8043188.
Hepatitis A is an acute infection of the liver, which is mostly asymptomatic in children and increases the severity with age. Although in most patients the infection resolves completely, in a few of them it may follow a prolonged or relapsed course or even a fulminant form. The reason for these different outcomes is unknown, but it is generally accepted that host factors such as the immunological status, age and the occurrence of underlaying hepatic diseases are the main determinants of the severity. However, it cannot be ruled out that some virus traits may also contribute to the severe clinical outcomes. In this review, we will analyze which genetic determinants of the virus may determine virulence, in the context of a paradigmatic virus in terms of its genomic, molecular, replicative, and evolutionary features.

Case 2: Nainan OV, Xia G, Vaughan G, Margolis HS. Diagnosis of hepatitis a virus infection: a molecular approach. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2006 Jan;19(1):63-79. doi: 10.1128/CMR.19.1.63-79.2006. PMID: 16418523; PMCID: PMC1360271.
Recent advances in methods to identify and characterize nucleic acid markers of viral infections have provided the foundation for the field of molecular epidemiology and increased our knowledge of the molecular biology and epidemiology of HAV. Although HAV is primarily shed in feces, there is a strong viremic phase during infection which has allowed easy access to virus isolates and the use of molecular markers to determine their genetic relatedness. In addition, these new diagnostic methods have provided tools for the rapid detection of food-borne HAV transmission and identification of the potential source of the food contamination.


Case 3: Sasaki-Tanaka R, Shibata T, Moriyama M, Kogure H, Hirai-Yuki A, Okamoto H, Kanda T. Masitinib Inhibits Hepatitis A Virus Replication. Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jun 3;24(11):9708. doi: 10.3390/ijms24119708. PMID: 37298659; PMCID: PMC10253910.
The hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection causes acute hepatitis. HAV also induces acute liver failure or acute-on-chronic liver failure; however, no potent anti-HAV drugs are currently available in clinical situations. For anti-HAV drug screening, more convenient and useful models that mimic HAV replication are needed. In the present study, the researchers established HuhT7-HAV/Luc cells, which are HuhT7 cells stably expressing the HAV HM175-18f genotype IB subgenomic replicon RNA harboring the firefly luciferase gene. Then, they investigated whether 1134 US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs exhibited in vitro anti-HAV activity.

Reference
- Wang X, Ren J, Gao Q, et al. (2015). Hepatitis A virus and the origins of picornaviruses[J]. Nature. 517(7532): 85-88.