Recombinant Human CHI3L1 protein(Tyr22-Thr383), His-tagged

• Cat.No.: CHI3L1-657H
• Product Overview: Recombinant Human CHI3L1 protein(P36222)(Tyr22-Thr383) is expressed from HEK293 with His tag at the C-Terminus.

Specification

• Species: Human
• Source: HEK293
• Tag: His
• Protein Length: Tyr22-Thr383
• Form: Lyophilized from 0.22μm filtered solution in PBS (pH 7.4). Normally 8% trehalose is added as protectant before lyophilization.
• Bio-activity: Immobilized Human YKL-40, His Tag at 1μg/ml (100μl/well) on the plate. Dose response curve for Anti-YKL-40 Antibody, hFc Tag with the EC50 of 17.8ng/ml determined by ELISA.
• Molecular Mass: The protein has a predicted MW of 41.6 kDa. Due to glycosylation, the protein migrates to 42-50 kDa based on Tris-Bis PAGE result.
• Endotoxin: Less than 1EU per μg by the LAL method.
• Purity: > 95% as determined by Tris-Bis PAGE
  > 95% as determined by HPLC
• Storage: -20 to -80°C for 12 months as supplied from date of receipt.
  -80°C for 3-6 months after reconstitution.
  2-8°C for 2-7 days after reconstitution.
  Recommend to aliquot the protein into smaller quantities for optimal storage. Please minimize freeze-thaw cycles.
• Reconstitution: Centrifuge the tube before opening. Reconstituting to a concentration more than 100 μg/ml is recommended. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water.

Gene Information

• Gene Name: CHI3L1 chitinase 3-like 1 (cartilage glycoprotein-39) [ Homo sapiens ]
• Official Symbol: CHI3L1
• Synonyms: CHI3L1; chitinase 3-like 1 (cartilage glycoprotein-39); chitinase-3-like protein 1; GP39; YKL40; 39 kDa synovial protein; cartilage glycoprotein 39; ASRT7; GP-39; CGP-39; YKL-40; YYL-40; HC-gp39; HCGP-3P; hCGP-39; FLJ38139; DKFZp686N19119
• Gene ID: 1116
• mRNA Refseq: NM_001276
• Protein Refseq: NP_001267
• MIM: 601525
• UniProt ID: P36222

Case Study

Case 1: Zhao T, et al. Theranostics. 2022

Chitinase-3-like protein 1 (CHI3L1) shows up in high levels in gliomas and helps them grow and spread. Research has linked CHI3L1 levels to how long patients survive, and it's mostly found in glioma cells. It kicks the NF-κB pathway into gear, especially as tumors advance. CHI3L1 works with proteins like ACTN4 and NFKB1 to amp up this signaling by helping move components into the cell's nucleus. In the tumor environment, CHI3L1 latches onto CD44 on nearby macrophages, activating the AKT pathway, which turns these cells into a type that supports tumors. It also ties in with immune checkpoints such as PD-L1, making the tumor environment more immune-suppressive.

Fig1. Western blot and quantitative analysis of CHI3L1 expression in normal tissues and staged gliomas.

Fig2. Dox-inducible CHI3L1 expression enhanced enhanced NF-kB activation by TNFα in U251 cells.

Case 2: Ma B, et al. J Immunol. 2024

Chitinase 3-like-1 (CHI3L1) affects immune responses in cancer and COPD. It reduces adaptive immunity in cancers by activating immune checkpoints, which worsens outcomes. In COPD, it influences lung cell death. This study found that CHI3L1 in lung cancer metastasis reduces macrophage activity by activating specific checkpoints and lowering signals needed for cell processing. It also involves changes in proteins related to cell structure. By suppressing these immune responses, CHI3L1 promotes cancer and inflammation progress. Targeting CHI3L1 could offer new treatments for cancer, COPD, and similar conditions.

Fig1. B16-F10 melanoma cells were incubated with rCHI3L1 and protein was evaluated.

Fig2. FACS was also used to evaluate the levels of RAW cell phagocytosis of pHrodo red-Alexa Fluor 633.

Application

Recombinant CHI3L1 protein, often referred to as YKL-40, is quite a hot topic in scientific research due to its involvement in various diseases. In the realm of cancer, researchers are really diving deep into its potential as a biomarker. It often shows up in high amounts in different kinds of cancer like glioblastoma and breast cancer. This makes it pretty useful for developing tools to help catch cancer early or to keep tabs on how it's spreading. On top of that, CHI3L1 is thought to play a role in messing with the body's immune response, which could be a clue to understanding how cancer dodges our natural defenses. Apart from cancer, CHI3L1 is also making waves in studies around respiratory diseases such as asthma and COPD. It seems to get involved with the inflammation happening in the lungs, and by getting a better grip on its role, there's hope for coming up with new ways to tackle these lung issues. Moreover, researchers are seeing potential in fibrotic diseases since CHI3L1 is tied to cell growth and tissue changes. Overall, this protein is offering fresh perspectives and new directions in medical research.

Fig1. Macrophages, neutrophils, chondrocytes, osteoclasts, and Kupffer cells express CHI3L1 in different disorders. (Yian Zhou, 2023)