SEMA4A
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Official Full Name
sema domain, immunoglobulin domain (Ig), transmembrane domain (TM) and short cytoplasmic domain, (semaphorin) 4A -
Overview
This gene encodes a member of the semaphorin family of soluble and transmembrane proteins. Semaphorins are involved in numerous functions, including axon guidance, morphogenesis, carcinogenesis, and immunomodulation. The encoded protein is a single-pass type I membrane protein containing an immunoglobulin-like C2-type domain, a PSI domain and a sema domain. It inhibits axonal extension by providing local signals to specify territories inaccessible for growing axons. It is an activator of T-cell-mediated immunity and suppresses vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-mediated endothelial cell migration and proliferation in vitro and angiogenesis in vivo. Mutations in this gene are associated with retinal degenerative diseases including retinitis pigmentosa type 35 (RP35) and cone-rod dystrophy type 10 (CORD10). Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified. -
Synonyms
SEMA4A;sema domain, immunoglobulin domain (Ig), transmembrane domain (TM) and short cytoplasmic domain, (semaphorin) 4A;semaphorin-4A;sema B;semaphorin-B;semaphorin 4A;SemB;Semab;AI132332
Recombinant Proteins
- Mouse
- Human
- HEK293
- CHO
- Human Cells
- Mammalian Cells
- His
- Fc
- Non
- DDK
- Myc
Background
What is SEMA4A Protein?
SEMA4A protein is part of the semaphorin family, which mainly helps guide nerve cell growth and connections. It's like a signaling guide for nerves but has other roles beyond just the nervous system. SEMA4A is also involved in the immune system where it helps in cell communication. It's crucial for processes like immune responses and even some aspects of vision. So, whether it's helping nerves find their way, supporting immune functions, or playing a role in eye health, SEMA4A is pretty versatile.What is the Function of SEMA4A Protein?
SEMA4A protein has several key roles. It's mostly known for guiding nerve growth, helping them connect properly, which is essential for brain development and repair. Beyond the nervous system, SEMA4A is important for the immune system, aiding communication between immune cells to manage and regulate responses. It also plays a part in eye health, influencing how cells in the retina interact and impacting vision. So, whether it's nerves, immunity, or eye health, SEMA4A has a big job to do in the body.
Fig1. The mechanism model diagram of Sema4A promotes LC development. (Xiang Wei, 2023)
SEMA4A Related Signaling Pathway
The SEMA4A-related signaling pathway is pretty intriguing because it touches multiple aspects of our health. In the nervous system, SEMA4A guides nerve growth and helps neurons find their connections, which is essential for proper brain wiring and repair. This pathway makes sure nerves grow the way they should. In the immune system, SEMA4A influences how immune cells communicate, which is vital for efficient and balanced immune responses. It plays a part in deciding how the body reacts to infections or inflammation. Additionally, in the eyes, SEMA4A impacts cell interactions in the retina, affecting vision quality. So, whether it’s brain, immunity, or eye-related, the SEMA4A pathway has a broad reach.SEMA4A Related Diseases
Diseases related to SEMA4A often involve the nervous system, immune system, or vision. When SEMA4A doesn't work right, it can mess with nerve growth and connections, potentially leading to neurological conditions. In terms of immunity, if SEMA4A is off, it might cause immune system disorders where the body doesn’t manage infections well or gets too aggressive, leading to autoimmune issues. For the eyes, problems with SEMA4A can affect retinal health, possibly leading to vision problems or degenerative eye diseases. So, when things go wrong with SEMA4A, it can lead to a range of health issues impacting the brain, immune responses, or eyesight.Bioapplications of SEMA4A
SEMA4A has some exciting bioapplications thanks to its diverse roles in the body. In nerve repair and neuroscience, researchers are looking into how SEMA4A can help guide nerve growth and regeneration after injuries, which might aid recovery from neurological damage. In the immune system, SEMA4A's ability to influence immune cell communication could lead to new treatments for autoimmune diseases or conditions where immune response needs a boost or a check. When it comes to eye health, understanding SEMA4A might open doors to therapies for retinal diseases or vision impairment. These bioapplications show the potential of SEMA4A in treating various health issues related to nerves, immunity, and vision.Case Study
Case Study 1: Hou T. et al. Biomolecules. 2024
Trophoblastic cells help maintain pregnancy, but if they don't work properly, issues like missed abortion can arise. This study found lower SEMA4A levels in missed abortion cases. SEMA4A supports cell movement and growth and prevents early cell death, possibly by affecting p-STAT3/STAT3 and other factors. Lower SEMA4A might contribute to missed abortions.-
Fig1. Relative expression levels of SEMA4A protein normalized to β-Actin. -
Fig2. MMP-9 mRNA and protein expression in HTR-8/SVneo cells transfected with SEMA4A siRNAs or SEMA4A overexpression vectors.
Case Study 2: Zhang H. et al. Int Immunopharmacol. 2019
Inflammation drives osteoarthritis (OA), and while Sema4A is known in immune diseases, its role in OA is murky. Researchers observed that Sema4A levels increase in OA knee cartilage and in chondrocytes treated with IL-1β. Blocking the NF-κB pathway with BAY 11-7082 stops this increase, highlighting NF-κB's role. Interestingly, Sema4A also boosts NF-κB by aiding Rac1/AKT-dependent IκBα changes. This worsens IL-1β's damaging effects on chondrocytes, mainly due to more NF-κB action, but blocking NF-κB can reduce this issue.-
Fig3. The protein level of Sema4A was measured by Western blotting. -
Fig4. Primary mouse articular chondrocytes were treated with mouse recombinant Sema4A (mR-Sema4A) as indicated for 24 h, the protein expression of p-p65 and p65 was analyzed by Western blotting.
Quality Guarantee
High Purity
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Fig1. SDS-PAGE (SEMA4A-3926H) -
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Fig2. SDS-PAGE (SEMA4A-7022H)
Involved Pathway
SEMA4A involved in several pathways and played different roles in them. We selected most pathways SEMA4A participated on our site, such as Axon guidance, which may be useful for your reference. Also, other proteins which involved in the same pathway with SEMA4A were listed below. Creative BioMart supplied nearly all the proteins listed, you can search them on our site.
| Pathway Name | Pathway Related Protein |
|---|---|
| Axon guidance | Ntng2,RGS3,SEMA3A,AP2A1,TRPC3,SEMA4D,NTN4,CSK,DAB2IPB,IL17RD |
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Fig1. Interaction between Sema4A and NF-κB pathway promotes IL-1β-induced catabolic effect on chondrocytes. (Hua Zhang, 2019) -
Fig2. A putative model illustrating the interactions of Sema4A/NF-κB in modulating cell phenotype through control of IL-6 production. (Lin Wang, 2015)
Protein Function
SEMA4A has several biochemical functions, for example, chemorepellent activity,NOT neuropilin binding,protein binding. Some of the functions are cooperated with other proteins, some of the functions could acted by SEMA4A itself. We selected most functions SEMA4A had, and list some proteins which have the same functions with SEMA4A. You can find most of the proteins on our site.
| Function | Related Protein |
|---|---|
| protein binding | UBE2H,VPS53,EPM2A,FRAS1,RNF220,GHRHR,NRG4,GAGE2D,MICALL1,FGFR1B |
| chemorepellent activity | SEMA3AA,SEMA4D,SEMA5B,UBE4A,SEMA3AB,EPHA7,SEMA4C,FLRT3,FLRT2,SEMA4BA |
| semaphorin receptor binding | SEMA3C,SEMA5A,SEMA3AB,SEMA3AA,SEMA6DL,SEMA3G,SEMA6A,SH3BGRL3,SEMA6E,SEMA4B |
| NOT neuropilin binding | SEMA4C,SEMA4BA,SEMA4D,SEMA4B |
Interacting Protein
SEMA4A has direct interactions with proteins and molecules. Those interactions were detected by several methods such as yeast two hybrid, co-IP, pull-down and so on. We selected proteins and molecules interacted with SEMA4A here. Most of them are supplied by our site. Hope this information will be useful for your research of SEMA4A.
PLXND1;PLXNB2;PLXNB1;PLXNB3;DDX54
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References
- Ishii, H; Kubo, T; et al. Th1 cells promote neurite outgrowth from cortical neurons via a mechanism dependent on semaphorins. BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 402:168-172(2010).
- Yukawa, K; Tanaka, T; et al. Semaphorin 4A induces growth cone collapse of hippocampal neurons in a Rho/Rho-kinase-dependent manner. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE 16:115-118(2005).
