GZMK

  • Official Full Name

    granzyme K (granzyme 3
  • Overview

    This gene product is a member of a group of related serine proteases from the cytoplasmic granules of cytotoxic lymphocytes. Cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cells share the remarkable ability to recognize, bind, and lyse specific target cells. They are thought to protect their host by lysing cells bearing on their surface nonself antigens, usually peptides or proteins resulting from infection by intracellular pathogens. The protein described here lacks consensus sequences for N-glycosylation present in other granzymes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
  • Synonyms

    GZMK;granzyme K (granzyme 3;tryptase II);TRYP2;granzyme K;NK-Tryp-2;granzyme 3;granzyme-3;tryptase II;fragmentin-3;NK-tryptase-2;granzyme K (serine protease, granzyme 3;tryptase II)

Recombinant Proteins

  • Human
  • Rhesus macaque
  • Rat
  • Mouse
  • Insect Cells
  • Mammalian Cells
  • E.coli
  • Wheat Germ
  • HEK293
  • In Vitro Cell Free System
  • Insect cells
  • His
  • Non
  • GST
  • Myc
  • Avi
  • Fc
Cat.# Product name Source (Host) Species Tag Protein Length Price
GZMK-140H Recombinant Human GZMK protein, His-tagged Insect Cells Human His 27-264 a.a.
GZMK-2023R Recombinant Rhesus monkey GZMK Protein, His-tagged Mammalian Cells Rhesus macaque His
GZMK-2294H Recombinant Human GZMK, His-tagged E.coli Human His 261aa
GZMK-26150TH Recombinant Human GZMK Wheat Germ Human Non 264 amino acids
GZMK-2772R Recombinant Rat GZMK Protein Mammalian Cells Rat His
GZMK-4524H Recombinant Human GZMK Protein, GST-tagged Wheat Germ Human GST
Gzmk-4525M Recombinant Mouse Gzmk Protein E.coli Mouse Non Full L.
Gzmk-5812M Recombinant Mouse Gzmk protein(Gln44~Val227), His-tagged E.coli Mouse His Gln44~Val227
GZMK-626H Recombinant Human Granzyme K (Granzyme 3; Tryptase II) E.coli Human Non
GZMK-7417M Recombinant Mouse GZMK Protein Mammalian Cells Mouse His
GZMK-5667HCL Recombinant Human GZMK 293 Cell Lysate HEK293 Human Non
GZMK-10H Recombinant Human GZMK protein, His-tagged HEK293 Human His Met25-Asn264
Gzmk-1386M Recombinant Mouse Gzmk protein, His&Myc-tagged E.coli Mouse His&Myc 26-263aa
Gzmk-1609R Recombinant Rat Gzmk Protein, His-tagged E.coli Rat His Thr24-His258
GZMK-1844R Recombinant Rhesus Macaque GZMK Protein, His (Fc)-Avi-tagged HEK293 Rhesus macaque Avi&Fc&His
GZMK-1844R-B Recombinant Rhesus Macaque GZMK Protein Pre-coupled Magnetic Beads HEK293 Rhesus macaque
GZMK-220HF Recombinant Full Length Human GZMK Protein In Vitro Cell Free System Human Full L. 264 amino acids
GZMK-2426R Recombinant Rat GZMK Protein, His (Fc)-Avi-tagged HEK293 Rat Avi&Fc&His
GZMK-2426R-B Recombinant Rat GZMK Protein Pre-coupled Magnetic Beads HEK293 Rat
GZMK-3067H Recombinant Human GZMK protein(Ile27~Asn264), His-tagged E.coli Human His Ile27~Asn264
GZMK-3391HF Recombinant Full Length Human GZMK Protein, GST-tagged In Vitro Cell Free System Human GST Full L. 264 amino acids
Gzmk-3533M Recombinant Mouse Gzmk protein, His-tagged Insect cells Mouse His 26-263aa
GZMK-4034M Recombinant Mouse GZMK Protein, His (Fc)-Avi-tagged HEK293 Mouse Avi&Fc&His
GZMK-4034M-B Recombinant Mouse GZMK Protein Pre-coupled Magnetic Beads HEK293 Mouse

    Background

    What is GZMK Protein?

    Granzyme K (GZMK) is a protein made by immune cells like natural killer (NK) and cytotoxic T cells. It belongs to the serine protease family, important for the immune system's fight against infections and cancer. GZMK enters target cells to trigger cell death, helping clear out infected or cancerous cells. Higher levels of GZMK are linked to improved outcomes in certain cancers. It’s more common in cells with immune experience, indicating a more mature response. Scientists are studying GZMK to grasp its role in immunity and its potential in cancer therapy, aiming to harness the body's natural defenses.

    What is the Function of GZMK Protein?

    Granzyme K (GZMK) helps the immune system destroy harmful cells like infected or cancerous ones. Made by cells like NK and cytotoxic T cells, GZMK enters these problematic cells and triggers processes that lead to their death, aiding in clearing threats from the body. It’s also linked to better results in some cancers, which makes it a focus in cancer research aiming to use the immune system as a treatment tool. Its distinct function among other granzymes indicates a special role in fine-tuning immune responses and dealing with diseases.

    GZMK Related Signaling Pathway

    Granzyme K (GZMK) is crucial in immune pathways that target viruses and cancer cells. Released by NK and cytotoxic T cells, GZMK enters target cells to trigger apoptosis, helping eliminate harmful cells safely. It's also part of wider immune signaling that activates other immune cells and promotes inflammation, directing defense efforts to needed areas. Exploring GZMK-related pathways is enhancing understanding, offering insights for therapies to boost natural immune responses against cancer and other diseases.

    Fig1. Schematic diagram of the characteristics and functions of GZMK+GZMB+CD8+ T cells. (Liang Zhao, 2024)

    GZMK Related Diseases

    Granzyme K (GZMK) has been linked to various diseases, especially those involving immune system dysfunctions, such as certain autoimmune diseases and some types of cancer. This enzyme, which belongs to the granzyme family and is housed in cytotoxic cells like T-cells and natural killer (NK) cells, plays a pivotal role in initiating apoptosis in target cells. Dysregulation of GZMK has been observed in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, where the immune system mistakenly attacks joint tissues. In cancers, particularly hematological malignancies, aberrant expression of granzyme K can influence tumor cell proliferation and resistance to therapies. Research has also indicated its potential involvement in chronic inflammatory diseases and viral infections. As a key player in immune response, understanding GZMK's mechanism can aid in developing targeted therapies and improve our grasp on immune regulation, making it a topic of significant interest in immunology and oncology research circles.

    Bioapplications of GZMK

    Granzyme K (GZMK) is really catching the attention of researchers who see its cool bioapplications, especially in cancer therapy. Think about it: GZMK helps kill off bad cells like viruses and cancer cells naturally. This ability is being looked at for designing drugs that can aim right at cancer cells and avoid harming the healthy ones—kinda like precision strikes. These smart therapies could lessen the side effects common with chemotherapy by being more selective. Also, because GZMK influences how the immune system reacts, it's being explored for new ways to treat autoimmune diseases, where a balance in immune attack is super important. By digging deeper into what GZMK does and how it does it, scientists hope to open new paths in treatment, making it a hot topic in the biotech world.

    Case Study

    Case Study 1: Richardson KC. et al. Front Immunol. 2024

    Psoriasis causes itchy, red, and scaly patches on the skin. It's tied to the IL-23/IL-17 pathway, and blocking this pathway can help manage the disease. An enzyme called Granzyme K (GzmK) from immune cells is found in higher levels in psoriasis-affected skin. In psoriasis mouse models, removing GzmK eased symptoms, causing less skin redness and fewer plaques. Studies show GzmK prompts inflammation and boosts skin cell growth, making psoriasis worse.
    • Fig1. Western blot immunodetection of GzmK.
    • Fig2. IL-23 gene expression analyzed by RT-PCR in THP-1 macrophages ± GzmK exposure.

    Case Study 2: Duquette D. et al. J Immunol. 2023

    NK and CD8 T cells attack infected or tumor cells using molecules like granzyme K (GzmK), which is promising for cancer prognosis. Found in certain lymphocytes, GzmK levels rise with immune experience, absent in newborns. These cells, linked to memory, decrease in GzmK when TCR-triggered, as GzmB rises. GzmK+ cells, less in IFN-γ than GzmB+ cells, might be memory-like. They're in the liver, fat, and found in colorectal cancer tumors, producing IFN-γ without IL-17a.
    • Fig3. Percent of memory subsets TN, TCM, TE, and TEMRA in adult human CD8 non-MAIT cells by GzmK/GzmB quadrant subset.
    • Fig4. Summary graphs show percent of GzmK+ and GzmB+ cells in CD45+ lymphocytes.

    Quality Guarantee

    High Purity

    Involved Pathway

    GZMK involved in several pathways and played different roles in them. We selected most pathways GZMK participated on our site, such as , which may be useful for your reference. Also, other proteins which involved in the same pathway with GZMK were listed below. Creative BioMart supplied nearly all the proteins listed, you can search them on our site.

    Pathway Name Pathway Related Protein

    • Fig1. Mechanism for GZMK action on experimental RA-SFs. (Liting Xu, 2024)
    • Fig2. Mechanism of GzmK in impaired thermal injury repair. (Christopher T Turner, 2019)

    Protein Function

    GZMK has several biochemical functions, for example, serine-type endopeptidase activity,serine-type peptidase activity. Some of the functions are cooperated with other proteins, some of the functions could acted by GZMK itself. We selected most functions GZMK had, and list some proteins which have the same functions with GZMK. You can find most of the proteins on our site.

    Function Related Protein
    serine-type endopeptidase activity TPSG1,PRSS40,KLK15,CELA2B,MCPT2,CELA1,PRSS37,KLK1B1,KLK1B8,PARLA
    serine-type peptidase activity TMPRSS11B,CFD,PRSS59.1,GZME,FURINB,KLK1B22,PREP,PRSS8,F7,HTRA1

    Interacting Protein

    GZMK has direct interactions with proteins and molecules. Those interactions were detected by several methods such as yeast two hybrid, co-IP, pull-down and so on. We selected proteins and molecules interacted with GZMK here. Most of them are supplied by our site. Hope this information will be useful for your research of GZMK.

    LIG4;PNKP

    Resources

    Research Area

    Cytotoxic T Cells (CTLs)

    References

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