SFTPB

What is SFTPB protein?

SFTPB (surfactant protein B) gene is a protein coding gene which situated on the short arm of chromosome 2 at locus 2p11. This gene encodes the pulmonary-associated surfactant protein B (SPB/SFTPB), an amphipathic surfactant protein essential for lung function and homeostasis after birth. Pulmonary surfactant is a surface-active lipoprotein complex composed of 90% lipids and 10% proteins which include plasma proteins and apolipoproteins SPA, SFTPB, SPC and SPD. The surfactant is secreted by the alveolar cells of the lung and maintains the stability of pulmonary tissue by reducing the surface tension of fluids that coat the lung. The SFTPB enhances the rate of spreading and increases the stability of surfactant monolayers in vitro.

What is the function of SFTPB protein?

The SFTPB protein is a key component of the pulmonary surfactant system. It performs essential functions in the lungs, particularly in the proper functioning of the respiratory system. The main function of SFTPB is to improve the surface tension properties of the lung alveoli. SFTPB specifically contributes to the stability and spreading of surfactant at the air-liquid interface within the alveoli. Additionally, SFTPB is involved in maintaining the structural integrity of the surfactant system and enhancing its immune defense properties.

SFTPB related Signaling pathways

The signaling pathways directly involved in the regulation of SFTPB expression and lung surfactant production are complex and not fully elucidated. However, some of the key signaling pathways reported to influence SFTPB gene expressio. Activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway has been shown to upregulate SFTPB expression in lung epithelial cells. Additionally, TGF-β signaling pathway is also related to SFTPB.

SFTPB Related Diseases

Multiple mutations in this gene have been identified, which cause pulmonary surfactant metabolism dysfunction type 1, also called pulmonary alveolar proteinosis due to SFTPB deficiency, and are associated with fatal respiratory distress in the neonatal period. Mutations or deficiencies in the SFTPB gene can lead to respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), a life-threatening condition characterized by the inability of the lungs to produce sufficient surfactant. Additionally, SFTPB deficiency can lead to other lung diseases like hereditary pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.

Fig1. Relative HDL protein levels in patients with incident CVD subjects and control subjects.

Bioapplications of SFTPB

Exogenous SFTPB formulations can be used to supplement or replace dysfunctional or deficient lung surfactant, improving lung function in patients with respiratory disorders. Additionally, SFTPB may be useful as a biomarker for early detection and diagnosis of related diseases. Another potential application of SFTPB research is identifying and characterizing small molecules or drugs that modulate SFTPB expression or function.

Case Study 1: Anjali Jacob, 2017

Fig1. Immunogold labeling of mature SFTPB and SFTPC in day 30 RUES2 alveolospheres.

Case Study 2: Gianluca Turcatel, 2017

Fig2. surfactant protein B (Sftpb) and Pb1fa1 dramatically increased, by ~8- and 5-fold, respectively, and secretoglobulin, family 1A, member 1 (Scgb1a1) modestly, but significantly, increased in the absence of Sox9 in vivo.

SFTPB has several biochemical functions, for example, G-protein coupled receptor binding,enzyme activator activity. Some of the functions are cooperated with other proteins, some of the functions could acted by SFTPB itself. We selected most functions SFTPB had, and list some proteins which have the same functions with SFTPB. You can find most of the proteins on our site.

SFTPB has direct interactions with proteins and molecules. Those interactions were detected by several methods such as yeast two hybrid, co-IP, pull-down and so on. We selected proteins and molecules interacted with SFTPB here. Most of them are supplied by our site. Hope this information will be useful for your research of SFTPB.