PDGFD

Fig1. Protein-protein interaction network diagram including PDGFD and EGFR. PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor.

What is PDGFD protein?

PDGFD (platelet derived growth factor D) gene is a protein coding gene which situated on the long arm of chromosome 11 at locus 11q22. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the platelet-derived growth factor family. The four members of this family are mitogenic factors for cells of mesenchymal origin and are characterized by a core motif of eight cysteines, seven of which are found in this factor. This gene product only forms homodimers and, therefore, does not dimerize with the other three family members. It differs from alpha and beta members of this family in having an unusual N-terminal domain, the CUB domain. It is consisted of 370 amino acids and is approximately 42.8 kDa.

What is the Function of PDGFD protein?

The function of PDGFD protein is to bind to and activate PDGFRβ (Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta) to initiate cellular signaling pathways involved in various biological processes. PDGFD is a secreted growth factor that belongs to the PDGF family. It stimulates cell growth, proliferation, migration, and survival of different cell types, including fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, and endothelial cells. It plays crucial roles in tissue development and repair, angiogenesis, and wound healing.

PDGFD Related Signaling Pathway

PDGFD protein mainly through binding to PDGFR-α and PDGFR-β two types of receptors, activates a variety of downstream signaling pathways. These signaling pathways include PI3K/Akt, Ras/Erk, and so on, which are involved in the physiological processes of cell proliferation, migration, survival and cytoskeleton remodeling, respectively. In addition, PDGFD may also exert its effects on tumor cells, including gliomas, through the Notch1 signaling pathway, particularly during epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) of tumor cells.

PDGFD Related Diseases

Mutations in the PDGFD gene are associated with a variety of diseases, including fibrotic diseases, autoimmune diseases, early-onset atherosclerosis, cardiomyopathy, and tumors, including renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and glioma.

Bioapplications of PDGFD

Drug development targeting PDGFD protein is ongoing, for example, drugs that inhibit the activity of PDGFD protein may be used to treat fibrotic diseases and tumors. The PDGFD protein plays a role in the extracellular matrix, and the study of PDGFD protein may contribute to the development of new tissue engineering strategies and regenerative medicine approaches.

Case Study 1: Jianing Zhang, 2023

Fig1. Immunofluorescence staining of vimentin in RPE cells with or without PDGF-D overexpression in RPE cells.

Case Study 2: Mehul Kumar, 2023

Fig2. Unbiased tSNE visualization with gene expression values of PDGF pathway genes separates LGAs by IDH mutation status.

PDGFD has several biochemical functions, for example, growth factor activity,platelet-derived growth factor receptor binding. Some of the functions are cooperated with other proteins, some of the functions could acted by PDGFD itself. We selected most functions PDGFD had, and list some proteins which have the same functions with PDGFD. You can find most of the proteins on our site.

PDGFD has direct interactions with proteins and molecules. Those interactions were detected by several methods such as yeast two hybrid, co-IP, pull-down and so on. We selected proteins and molecules interacted with PDGFD here. Most of them are supplied by our site. Hope this information will be useful for your research of PDGFD.