PLXDC1

What is PLXDC1 Protein?

PLXDC1 protein, short for Plexin Domain Containing 1, is a bit of a newcomer in the research field but is gaining traction because of what it could mean for our understanding of diseases. This protein hangs out on the surface of cells and plays a role in angiogenesis, which is the creation of new blood vessels. That's a big deal in cancer research since tumors feed on blood supply. There's growing curiosity about how PLXDC1 helps cancer cells spread, making it a hot topic for developing new treatments. Researchers are really digging into how it teams up with other proteins, potentially impacting how cells move and grow. As scientists unravel more about PLXDC1, it might turn out to be a key player not only in cancer but in other conditions where blood vessel growth and cell movement are crucial.

What is the Function of PLXDC1 Protein?

PLXDC1, also known as Plexin Domain Containing 1, is a protein that mainly helps with blood vessel formation, called angiogenesis. This is key in cancer since tumors need blood to grow. PLXDC1 might also help cancer spread by affecting how cells move. Researchers are keen on it because it could become a target for therapies that stop tumor growth or spread. So, even though it’s not super well-known yet, PLXDC1 could be pretty important in dealing with cancer and other diseases linked to blood vessel growth.

PLXDC1 Related Signaling Pathway

PLXDC1 protein is part of several cellular signaling pathways that play crucial roles in how cells communicate and behave. This protein is particularly interesting for researchers looking into cancer because it’s involved in angiogenesis, the process of forming new blood vessels. Tumors exploit this pathway to get the blood supply they need to grow. PLXDC1 might also be a part of pathways that regulate how cancer cells spread and invade new areas by moving along blood vessels. Moreover, there is growing interest in how PLXDC1 interacts with other molecular pathways related to cell movement and growth, making it a potential target for developing treatments aimed at disrupting these processes in cancer and possibly other diseases.

PLXDC1 Related Diseases

PLXDC1, or Plexin Domain Containing 1, is gaining attention because it might be tied to several diseases, mainly through its role in angiogenesis, the development of new blood vessels. This is crucial in cancer, where tumors tap into this process to get their much-needed blood supply. So, any irregularities in PLXDC1 activity could potentially lead to tumors spreading faster or becoming more aggressive. There's also interest in how this protein might be involved in other conditions related to abnormal blood vessel formation and cell movement, like certain eye diseases and cardiovascular issues. As research progresses, understanding PLXDC1 better could offer new angles for targeting these diseases more effectively.

Bioapplications of PLXDC1

PLXDC1 is becoming an exciting focal point in the world of bioapplications due to its significant involvement in angiogenesis or the formation of new blood vessels. This aspect is crucial for cancer research, as targeting PLXDC1 could lead to therapies that cut off the blood supply tumors need to grow. Beyond cancer, PLXDC1's role in blood vessel development makes it a potential target for treating ocular diseases that involve abnormal vessel growth, like diabetic retinopathy. Researchers are also exploring its role in cardiovascular diseases, where controlling vessel growth and repair can be key. By diving deeper into how PLXDC1 works, scientists hope to develop new strategies that leverage its functions to tackle a range of health issues.

Case Study 1: Falchetti ML. et al. Int J Cancer. 2019

Bevacizumab, known for targeting VEGF, can cause glioblastoma to grow in more of an infiltrative pattern. In studies with both human samples and rat models, researchers noticed that tumor cells often nestled along perivascular spaces near endothelial cells. Treated brain tumors were smaller, but the cells spread further in the brain than untreated ones. These cells were particularly drawn to blood vessels and formed structures with endothelial cells, showcasing a shift towards a more mesenchymal state marked by increased PLXDC1 expression. Blocking PLXDC1 stopped this perivascular spread and improved survival in treated rats.

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  Fig1. In vivo effects of PLXDC1 over-expression.
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  Fig2. Bevacizumab treatment significantly reduced tumor volume both in shPLXDC1-GFP and in shCNTR-GFP U87MG brain xenografts.

Case Study 2: Bagley RG. et al. Microvasc Res. 2011

Antiangiogenesis is a proven cancer therapy, but we still need better targets and treatments for specific cancers. Researchers have been looking into Tumor Endothelial Marker 7 (TEM-7) as a potential target. Tests on various cancer tissue samples showed TEM-7 was present in most cancer types, except in normal tissues, and was mainly found in blood vessels. While it wasn't in standard endothelial cells, it popped up in some precursor cells with a specific trigger. An anti-TEM-7 antibody worked to mediate immune responses against TEM-7 in certain cancer cell lines, suggesting its potential in targeted therapies.

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  Fig3. A concentration response curve was generated in the SKOV3–TEM-7 ADCC assay using an E:T of 100:1.
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  Fig4. Fluorescently labeled human MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma cells.

PLXDC1 has several biochemical functions, for example, protein binding. Some of the functions are cooperated with other proteins, some of the functions could acted by PLXDC1 itself. We selected most functions PLXDC1 had, and list some proteins which have the same functions with PLXDC1. You can find most of the proteins on our site.

Function	Related Protein
protein binding	IPO7,RNF13,TSPAN1,CYTIP,SNX19,OSBPL3,SPTA1,ZNF205,RAB6B,TSGA10

PLXDC1 has direct interactions with proteins and molecules. Those interactions were detected by several methods such as yeast two hybrid, co-IP, pull-down and so on. We selected proteins and molecules interacted with PLXDC1 here. Most of them are supplied by our site. Hope this information will be useful for your research of PLXDC1.