TNFSF10

What is TNFSF10 protein?

TNFSF10 (TNF superfamily member 10) gene is a protein coding gene which situated on the long arm of chromosome 3 at locus 3q26. Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 10 (TNFSF10), also known as TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), Apo-2 ligand, and CD253, is a cytokine that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand family. This protein binds to several members of TNF receptor superfamily including TNFRSF10A/TRAILR1, TNFRSF10B/TRAILR2, TNFRSF10C/TRAILR3, TNFRSF10D/TRAILR4, and possibly also to TNFRSF11B/OPG.

What is the function of TNFSF10 protein?

TNFSF10 can bind to a variety of cell membrane death receptors, including TRAIL-R1 (DR4) and TRAIL-R2 (DR5), and activate apoptosis-related proteins such as caspase-8 and caspase-3, thereby inducing apoptosis of tumor cells, virus-infected cells and abnormal cells. It can also be involved in regulating immune cell functions, such as promoting T cell activation and proliferation or inhibiting the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby reducing inflammation.

Fig1. TRAIL/TRAIL-R signaling and NK cells.

TNFSF10 Related Signaling Pathway

In apoptosis signaling pathway, TNFSF10 can bind to TRAIL-R1 (DR4) and TRAIL-R2 (DR5) and activate apoptosis-related proteins. At the same time, there are other relevant signaling pathways including NF-κB signaling pathway related to inflammation, PI3K/Akt signaling pathway related to cell proliferation and apoptosis, Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and TGF-β signaling pathway.

TNFSF10 Related Diseases

It is involved in apoptosis pathways that can induce apoptosis of a variety of cancer cells, including lung cancer, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, stomach cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, etc. There are also autoimmune and inflammatory diseases associated with it.

Bioapplications of TNFSF10

A variety of TNFSF10 (TRAIL) receptor agonists with high affinity and stability have been developed to inhibit tumor growth and spread, thus providing new directions for tumor therapy.

Case study 1: Qing-Zhou Chen, 2020

Fig1. HTNV NP and TRAIL-related apoptosis proteins expression in HTNV-infected HUVECs.

Fig2. Immunofluorescence images of TUNEL assay on HTNV-infected HUVECs with rTRAIL treatment.

TNFSF10 has several biochemical functions, for example, cytokine activity,metal ion binding,protein binding. Some of the functions are cooperated with other proteins, some of the functions could acted by TNFSF10 itself. We selected most functions TNFSF10 had, and list some proteins which have the same functions with TNFSF10. You can find most of the proteins on our site.

TNFSF10 has direct interactions with proteins and molecules. Those interactions were detected by several methods such as yeast two hybrid, co-IP, pull-down and so on. We selected proteins and molecules interacted with TNFSF10 here. Most of them are supplied by our site. Hope this information will be useful for your research of TNFSF10.

TNFRSF10B