What is FDXR Protein

      FDXR, or Ferredoxin Reductase, is a key protein involved in electron transfer processes within the cell. Also known by synonyms such as Adrenodoxin Reductase and Adrenodoxin-NADP Reductase, FDXR belongs to the ferredoxin reductase family. This family encompasses a group of proteins responsible for mediating electron transfer reactions, facilitating crucial cellular functions.

      FDXR Protein Structural Characteristics and Classification

      Structurally, FDXR consists of distinct domains, including the FAD-binding domain, NADP-binding domain, and the iron-sulfur cluster-binding domain. These structural features enable FDXR to interact with various cofactors and substrates, showcasing its versatility in cellular processes.

      Recent research has shed light on the dynamic nature of FDXR and its involvement in redox homeostasis. Studies have identified novel regulatory mechanisms governing FDXR expression and activity, providing valuable insights into its functional diversity. Additionally, advancements in structural biology techniques have allowed for a more detailed understanding of the protein's three-dimensional configuration, aiding in the design of targeted interventions.

      FDXR Biological Functions and Molecular Mechanisms

      The biological functions of FDXR are diverse, reflecting its central role in cellular metabolism. FDXR primarily acts as an electron carrier, shuttling electrons from NADPH to various acceptors, including cytochromes and other redox-active proteins. This electron transfer process is fundamental for the synthesis of essential biomolecules, such as lipids and steroids.

      The molecular mechanisms underlying FDXR function involve its interaction with electron donors and acceptors. FDXR receives electrons from NADPH and transfers them to downstream targets, contributing to the maintenance of cellular redox balance. This intricate electron transfer cascade is finely regulated, ensuring the proper functioning of cellular processes that rely on redox reactions.

      Figure 1. Mitochondrial cytochrome P450 (cyp) ETC. (Druck T, et al., 2019)

      Figure 1. Mitochondrial cytochrome P450 (cyp) ETC. (Druck T, et al., 2019)

      FDXR Related Signaling Pathway

      The signal pathway involving FDXR is interconnected with numerous cellular processes. FDXR participates in redox signaling pathways, influencing gene expression and cellular responses to oxidative stress. Elucidating the intricate signaling networks involving FDXR provides valuable insights into its role in health and disease.

      FDXR Related Diseases

      Aberrations in FDXR expression or activity have been implicated in various diseases. Research has linked FDXR dysregulation to conditions such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and metabolic diseases. Understanding the role of FDXR in disease pathogenesis holds promise for developing targeted therapeutic strategies.

      FDXR's Applications in Biomedicine

      The unique properties of FDXR make it a promising candidate for applications in biomedical research and development. Its involvement in redox processes positions FDXR as a potential diagnostic marker for conditions characterized by oxidative stress. Furthermore, FDXR holds promise in vaccine development, as its targeted manipulation could enhance immune responses.

      • Diagnostics Development

      The potential use of FDXR in diagnostics is rooted in its association with oxidative stress-related diseases. Monitoring FDXR levels in biological samples could serve as a biomarker for conditions such as cancer or neurodegenerative disorders, enabling early detection and intervention.

      • Vaccine Development

      In the realm of vaccine development, FDXR's role in redox processes makes it an intriguing target for enhancing immune responses. Manipulating FDXR expression or activity could potentially augment the efficacy of vaccines, offering new avenues for the development of immunotherapeutic strategies.

      • Therapeutics

      FDXR's involvement in various diseases positions it as a potential therapeutic target. Strategies aimed at modulating FDXR activity could be explored for conditions where redox imbalance plays a pivotal role, such as certain cancers or neurodegenerative diseases. Targeted therapeutics focusing on FDXR could pave the way for novel treatment approaches.

      Recommended Products

      Cat.No. Product Name Species Source (Host) Tag
      FDXR-15H Recombinant Human FDXR protein, His-tagged Human E.coli His
      FDXR-12836H Recombinant Human FDXR, GST-tagged Human E.coli GST
      FDXR-16H Recombinant Human FDXR protein, MYC/DDK-tagged Human HEK293 Myc/DDK
      FDXR-12H Recombinant Human FDXR protein, His/T7-tagged Human E.coli His/T7
      FDXR-3406H Recombinant Human FDXR protein, His-tagged Human E.coli His
      FDXR-1648H Recombinant Human FDXR Protein, Myc/DDK-tagged, C13 and N15-labeled Human HEK293T Myc/DDK
      FDXR-4777HF Recombinant Full Length Human FDXR Protein, GST-tagged Human In Vitro Cell Free System GST
      FDXR-4063H Recombinant Human FDXR Protein, GST-tagged Human Wheat Germ GST
      FDXR-2898H Recombinant Human FDXR protein, His-SUMO-tagged Human E.coli His-SUMO
      Fdxr-2983M Recombinant Mouse Fdxr Protein, Myc/DDK-tagged Mouse HEK293T Myc/DDK

      Reference

      • Druck T, et al. Fhit–Fdxr interaction in the mitochondria: Modulation of reactive oxygen species generation and apoptosis in cancer cells. Cell Death & Disease. 2019, 10(3): 147.