IVD of Wheat Allergy
Background
Like allergies to pollen, dust mites, and seafood, wheat allergy is also a type I allergic reaction mediated by IgE. Currently, the World Health Organization (WHO) has provided 13 wheat allergens, including Tri a 14, Tri a 18, Tri a 19, etc. The major allergens in wheat that can trigger allergies include proteins such as albumin, globulin, gliadin, and gluten. The body's immune system treats specific proteins in wheat as foreign matter, activates phagocytes, releases histamine and prostaglandins, dilates capillaries, and increases vascular permeability. Symptoms of allergy patients generally include eczema, itchy skin, asthma, and even shock in severe cases. Due to its simplicity, non-invasiveness, and low cost, serological antibody testing has been promoted primarily for wheat allergy diagnosis and screening.
Main Steps of IVD for Wheat Allergy
- Immunological Test
By detecting IgE levels in the serum of allergic patients, including total IgE determination and specific IgE determination. These assays can detect a patient's specific immune response to wheat.
- Skin Prick and Intradermal Test
These tests determine wheat allergy by piercing or injecting the wheat extract into the skin and observing the skin's reaction.
- Biosensor Technology
This technology can be used to detect the electrical signal when wheat allergen binds to IgE antibodies, thereby quickly and accurately detecting whether a patient is allergic to wheat.
Creative BioMart provides high-quality recombinant wheat allergen proteins used for IVD, including ELISA, lateral flow assay, western blot, and other immunoassays.
Highlights of Our Products
- High purity and specificity, no non-specific allergen contamination.
- Strong controllability. Industrialized production makes it easier to carry out quality control to ensure product uniformity and stability.
- Stable and easy to store and transport. The protein structure is stable and not easily affected by environmental factors, ensuring product uniformity.
- Higher safety and repeatability.
Our Outstanding Advantages
- Our IVD proteins are capable of identifying a broad variety of allergies, making them highly valuable tools in the monitoring and diagnosis of health.
- Our company has a strong technical team, advanced scientific research equipment, and technology that can provide high-quality services.
- A rich variety of IVD products to meet the different needs of customers and provide customers with comprehensive scientific research support.
Clinical Related Information
Symptoms of Wheat Allergy
- Skin rashes or hives
- Nasal congestion or runny nose
- Respiratory issues, such as wheezing or difficulty breathing
- Gastrointestinal symptoms like nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or abdominal cramps
- In severe cases, anaphylaxis, a life-threatening allergic reaction, may occur
Natural Remedies for Wheat Allergy
- Avoidance: The most effective way to manage a wheat allergy is to avoid wheat and products containing wheat.
- Dietary substitutions: Use alternative flours and grains like rice, corn, quinoa, and oats (make sure they are gluten-free if necessary).
- Strengthening the immune system: Consuming a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and other immune-boosting foods might help manage symptoms.
- Probiotics: These may help balance gut flora and potentially reduce allergic reactions.
- Herbal remedies: Some people find relief using certain herbs, but it's important to consult with a healthcare professional before trying these.
Case Study
Case 1: Elli L, Branchi F, Tomba C, Villalta D, Norsa L, Ferretti F, Roncoroni L, Bardella MT. Diagnosis of gluten related disorders: Celiac disease, wheat allergy and non-celiac gluten sensitivity. World J Gastroenterol. 2015 Jun 21;21(23):7110-9. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i23.7110. PMID: 26109797; PMCID: PMC4476872.
The diagnosis of celiac disease and wheat allergy is based on a combination of findings from the patient's clinical history and specific tests, including serology and duodenal biopsies in case of celiac disease, or laboratory and functional assays for wheat allergy. A thorough knowledge of the differences and overlap in clinical presentation among gluten-related disorders, and between them and other gastrointestinal disorders, will help clinicians in the process of differential diagnosis.
Fig2. Diagnostic flowchart in case of suspected gluten related disorder. HLA: Human leukocyte antigen; SPTs/sIgE: Skin prick tests/specific Immunoglobulin E.Case 2: Preda M, Popescu FD, Vassilopoulou E, Smolinska S. Allergenic Biomarkers in the Molecular Diagnosis of IgE-Mediated Wheat Allergy. Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Jul 27;25(15):8210. doi: 10.3390/ijms25158210. PMID: 39125779; PMCID: PMC11311673.
IgE-mediated wheat allergy can take on various forms, including childhood food allergy to wheat, wheat-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis in young adults, baker's respiratory allergy/asthma in workers exposed to wheat flour inhalation, and contact urticaria that is caused by hydrolyzed wheat proteins in some cosmetics, and that is sometimes associated with a food allergy. Detailed comprehension of the structural and immunological features of the numerous wheat allergens significant in clinical settings is imperative for advancing diagnostic biomarkers for IgE-mediated wheat allergies.
Fig3. Important wheat allergenic molecules classification