GRM4
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Official Full Name
glutamate receptor, metabotropic 4 -
Overview
L-glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and activates both ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors. Glutamatergic neurotransmission is involved in most aspects of normal brain function and can be perturbed in many neuropathologic conditions. The metabotropic glutamate receptors are a family of G protein-coupled receptors, that have been divided into 3 groups on the basis of sequence homology, putative signal transduction mechanisms, and pharmacologic properties. Group I includes GRM1 and GRM5 and these receptors have been shown to activate phospholipase C. Group II includes GRM2 and GRM3 while Group III includes GRM4, GRM6, GRM7 and GRM8. Group II and III receptors are linked to the inhibition of the cyclic AMP cascade but differ in their agonist selectivities. -
Synonyms
GRM4;glutamate receptor, metabotropic 4;metabotropic glutamate receptor 4;GPRC1D;mGlu4;MGLUR4;G protein coupled receptor family C group 1 member D;G protein coupled receptor GRM4;Glutamate Receptor Metabotropic 4;GRM4_HUMAN
Recombinant Proteins
- Rat
- Cynomolgus
- Mouse
- Zebrafish
- Human
- Mammalian Cell
- HEK293
- Wheat Germ
- In Vitro Cell Free System
- His
- Non
- His&Flag
- His&Fc&Avi
Involved Pathway
GRM4 involved in several pathways and played different roles in them. We selected most pathways GRM4 participated on our site, such as Phospholipase D signaling pathway,Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction,Glutamatergic synapse, which may be useful for your reference. Also, other proteins which involved in the same pathway with GRM4 were listed below. Creative BioMart supplied nearly all the proteins listed, you can search them on our site.
| Pathway Name | Pathway Related Protein |
|---|---|
| Phospholipase D signaling pathway | PDGFRB,PPAP2C,PLCG2,SOS1,PIK3R2,PIK3R1,AKT1,RALB,CXCR2,GRM1 |
| Glutamatergic synapse | GNGT1,SLC1A3,ITPR1,PRKCB,PLCB3,SLC17A7,GRIA1,PPP3CB,GRM1,SLC1A2 |
| Taste transduction | Adcy4,TAS2R143,TAS2R116,TAS2R120,TAS2R38,TAS2R114,TAS2R113,TAS2R125,TAS2R110,TRPM5 |
| Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction | TAAR10,HTR1B,PTGFR,HTR5A,F2R,MLNR,CSH2,TAAR11,CHRNA10,GHRA |
Protein Function
GRM4 has several biochemical functions, for example, G-protein coupled receptor activity,glutamate receptor activity,group III metabotropic glutamate receptor activity. Some of the functions are cooperated with other proteins, some of the functions could acted by GRM4 itself. We selected most functions GRM4 had, and list some proteins which have the same functions with GRM4. You can find most of the proteins on our site.
| Function | Related Protein |
|---|---|
| group III metabotropic glutamate receptor activity | GRM6A,GRM7,GRM6,GRM8,GRM6B |
| G-protein coupled receptor activity | MRGPRF,OLFR147,OPN1MW3,TAS2R106,GPR171,GPR132B,OR4D2,GPR85,TAAR2,TAS2R126 |
| glutamate receptor activity | GRM1,GRIA1,GRIK5,GRM5,GRM8,GRM2,GRIK3,GRM6,GRID2,GRM3 |
Interacting Protein
GRM4 has direct interactions with proteins and molecules. Those interactions were detected by several methods such as yeast two hybrid, co-IP, pull-down and so on. We selected proteins and molecules interacted with GRM4 here. Most of them are supplied by our site. Hope this information will be useful for your research of GRM4.
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References
- Spampinato, SF; Merlo, S; et al. Glial metabotropic glutamate receptor-4 increases maturation and survival of oligodendrocytes. FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE 8:-(2015).
- Liu, F; Zhou, R; et al. METABOTROPIC GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR 5 MODULATES CALCIUM OSCILLATION AND INNATE IMMUNE RESPONSE INDUCED BY LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE IN MICROGLIAL CELL. NEUROSCIENCE 281:24-34(2014).
